Battery Adiabatic Calorimeter

Battery adiabatic calorimeters play a crucial role in battery research and development, providing essential thermodynamic data for safety assessment, performance optimization, energy efficiency analysis, and lifespan prediction.

Application

Battery adiabatic calorimeters are widely used in the research, testing, and safety evaluation of batteries and battery packs. They can provide thermal characteristic data of batteries during charging and discharging processes, offering crucial support for battery design and optimization. These instruments play a key role in battery thermal safety assessment, thermal management system performance evaluation, and material thermal safety testing.

Standards

GB/T 36276 - 2023: Lithium-ion Batteries for Electric Power Energy Storage

UL 9540A: Test Method for Evaluating Thermal Runaway Fire Propagation in Battery Energy Storage Systems

ASTM E1981 - 98(2012): Standard Test Method for Thermal Stability of Chemicals by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)

SN/T 3078.1 - 2012: Guidelines for the Evaluation of Thermal Stability of Chemicals - Part 1: Accelerated Calorimetry Method

USABC SAND99 - 0497: This is a specific test protocol document from the United States Advanced Battery Consortium (USABC), and it doesn't have a widely recognized single "English name" in the same sense as formal standards. It could be referred to as "USABC Thermal Stability Test Protocol SAND99 - 0497"

SAE J2464 - R2009: Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicle Rechargeable Energy Storage System (RESS) Safety and Abuse Testing

Freedom CAR SAND 2005 - 3123: Similar to USABC SAND99 - 0497. it is a specific technical document from the Freedom CAR program. It could be called "Freedom CAR Thermal Stability Test Document SAND 2005 - 3123"

UL 1973 : Batteries for Use In Stationary and Vehicle Auxiliary Power Applications

GB 38031 - 2020: Safety Requirements for Power Batteries of Electric Vehicles

Features

Precision: The self - heating detection sensitivity is far better than the standard detection threshold of 0.02°C/min. It has high thermal insulation performance and a small temperature difference between the wall and the sample.

Efficiency: With an innovative heating wire assisted heating solution, the experimental efficiency can be increased by up to 5 times.

Safety: It is equipped with safety protection measures such as burst discs, pressure relief valves, and explosion - proof boxes. The professional alarm system design comprehensively ensures the safety of personnel and equipment.

Innovation: It has the innovative function of adiabatic thermal runaway - gas production combined analysis, enabling a comprehensive acquisition of the characteristic parameters of battery thermal runaway.

Parameters

Accessoriess

Temperature control and insulation components

Safety and protection components

Gas processing components, etc.

Test Procedures

Sample Preparation:  Preparation work includes battery surface treatment, SOC adjustment, and information recording.

Temperature Difference Baseline Calibration: During sample installation, the sample thermocouple is attached to the center of the sample's large surface, ensuring its relative position is consistent with the aluminum block in the furnace chamber.

Experimental Parameter Settings: The recommended experimental temperature range covers 50℃~200℃ to ensure that the Tonset detection value falls within this range and to avoid false detection.

Experiment Execution: During the test, the sample heating wire heats the sample according to the set heating program. The sample temperature sensor detects the sample temperature, and other sensors in the test chamber detect the ambient temperature inside the chamber.

Data Recording: The sample is heated using a direct contact method with thermocouples. Multiple temperature sensors are placed in various locations, including sensors directly attached to the sample, as well as sensors on the top, bottom, and side walls of the test chamber, and a pressure sensor, to monitor the entire test in real time.

Results Analysis: The changes in sample temperature, pressure, temperature rise rate, and pressure rise rate over time are obtained. Data analysis is performed to obtain multiple sets of thermal characteristic parameters, including initial decomposition temperature, exothermic rate, reaction heat, activation energy, and pressure rise rate.