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Lightning surge The harm to electronic/electrical equipment has always been a topic of concern to people all over the world. In view of this, many electronic engineers have researched and developed various lightning protection and surge protection equipment to protect electronic/electrical equipment. The commonly used ones are direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) protection modules, DC protectors are mainly used in signal systems, and AC protectors are used in power systems. Since the electromagnetic environment is extremely complex and prone to instability, in order to protect the equipment against damage caused by overvoltage, it is necessary to install a more scientific and reasonable protection module. The grounding system is also an important part of the overvoltage resistance of the protected device.
In order to protect electronic/electrical equipment from lightning surge damage, it is very important to develop suitable lightning surge protection equipment. The role of these lightning surge protection devices is to discharge the current from the power supply system in the event of a current surge, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting electronic/electrical equipment. Lightning surge protection equipment generally has two main parts, one is the power system protection equipment, which is mainly used to fight against electric induction; the other part is the signal system protection equipment, which is mainly used to fight against induced lightning and operating overvoltage surges.
In order to effectively install lightning surge protection equipment, we must fully understand the internal performance characteristics of the system and the propagation mode of lightning waves, so as to ensure that Reasonable lightning protection measures, different systems do not require the same lightning protection measures, but to determine the appropriate lightning protection scheme according to the specific system. In addition to lightning surge protection equipment, the grounding system of the protected device is also very important. Only a complete grounding system can better protect the equipment from damage caused by lightning strikes. When the surge voltage invades electronic equipment, we can effectively protect the equipment from lightning damage by using lightning protection surge protection equipment, forming an effective lightning protection structure.
The signal system is the main foundation of today's electronic information technology, and its development is inseparable from the protection against lightning surges. Lightning surge is the damage to electronic devices and systems caused by force or nature. One of the main damages is the failure or failure of the power grid and the household appliances and office equipment powered by it. Even burned. Therefore, effective lightning surge protection measures should be taken to ensure the accuracy and transmission rate of signal transmission.
Power surge is a frequent fatal hazard, which may appear on low-voltage distribution lines in homes, restaurants, apartments, etc., mainly due to lightning strikes, short-circuit faults, or switching of large loads. Due to the influence of the earth's electromagnetic energy, it may affect your computer hundreds of kilometers away. When the lightning surge propagates through the power grid and finally reaches the electronic equipment around you, there may be thousands of volts of damage, even if it is not enough to directly burndamage to the device, it may still accumulate damage to electronic components, resulting in data loss and computer instability. According to the measurement of GE Company in the United States, within one year and two months, the number of surge voltages exceeding twice the original working voltage in the home can reach more than 800 times. Therefore, in order to avoid damage to the equipment, good power surge protection measures should be adopted, such as adding a large flow rate ceramic gas discharge tube, which has good insulation performance, high insulation resistance, and low capacitance characteristics. Only by purchasing high-quality power surge protection equipment can we effectively reduce the harm caused by power surges and ensure the safety of electronic equipment and data. Bit errors are caused by the signal system being affected by interference signals such as lightning strikes, electromagnetic interference, radio interference, and static interference, which affect the accuracy and transmission rate of data transmission. At this time, it is necessary to adopt an effective method of preventing lightning surge.
Signal Lightning Surge protection circuit design is a necessary protection measure for the signal transmission system when it is attacked by lightning. Various transmission circuits such as double-wire transmission lines, ordinary multi-core cables, twisted-pair multi-core cables, and coaxial cables can be used. These circuits are mainly divided into three modes: two-wire ungrounded, two-wire grounded and multi-wire grounded.
An ungrounded transmission circuit has only two wires, one of which passes through the signal component and the other is referenced to ground. The usual protection method is to install lightning arresters at both ends of the transmission line to choke the lightning surge current without affecting signal transmission. And if the lightning surge current is large, a low-inductance isolation transformer can be inserted between the two arresters to ensure safety.
In addition to the two signal transmission lines, the ground transmission circuit is also connected with a so-called lightning surge protective guide wire, which is connected to the ground signal ground of all ordinary cables to avoid Equipment such as spark shock, circuit breaker correlator, etc. In addition, isolation valves, etc. can also be installed.
According to the size of the lightning surge current that may be encountered, a two-stage or single-stage signal lightning surge protection circuit can be used. In the case of a large lightning wave inrush current, the best solution is to use two-level protection, that is, install lightning arresters at both ends of the transmission line, and then insert a low-inductance isolation transformer in the middle to effectively Resist lightning surge. In addition, grounding conditions must be installed on the grounding part of the circuit to ensure its ability to resist lightning strikes, and at the same time increase the discharge impedance to effectively prolong signal transmission.
